याज्ञवल्क्य उवाच पादावध्यात्ममित्याहुब्राह्मणास्तत्त्वदर्शिनः। गन्तव्यमधिभूतं च विष्णुस्तत्राधिदैवतम्॥

Brahmanas well read in the subjects of enquiry speak of the two feet as Spiritual, the act of walking as Elemental and Vishnu as Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.1

पायुरध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथा तत्त्वार्थदर्शिनः। विसर्गमधिभूतं च मित्रस्तत्राधिदैवतम्॥

The lower duct is Spiritual; its function of throwing out the excreta is Elemental, and Mitra (Surya) is the Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.2

उपस्थोऽध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथा योगप्रदर्शिनः। अधिभूतं तथाऽऽनन्दो दैवतं च प्रजापतिः॥

The organ of generation is called Spiritual. Its agreeable function is called Elemental and Prajapati is its Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.3

हस्तावध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथा संख्यानदर्शिनः। कर्तव्यमधिभूतं तु इन्द्रस्तत्राधिदैवतम्॥

The hands are Spiritual; their function as represented by acts is Elemental; and Indra is the Accident of those limbs.

Shanti Parva 313.4

वागध्यात्ममिति प्राहुर्यथा श्रुतिनिदर्शिनः। वक्तव्यमधिभूतं तु वह्निस्तत्राधिदैवतम्॥

The organs of speech are spiritual; the words uttered by them are Elemental; and Agni is their Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.5

चक्षुरध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथा श्रुतिनिदर्शिनः। रूपमत्राधिभूतं तु सूर्यश्चाप्यधिदैवतम्॥

The eye is Spiritual; vision or form is its Elemental, and Surya is the Accidental of that organ.

Shanti Parva 313.6

श्रोत्रमध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथा श्रुतिनिदर्शिनः। शब्दस्तत्राधिभूतं तु दिशश्चात्रधिदैवतम्॥

The car is Spiritual; sound is Elemental; and the points of the compass are its Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.7

जिह्वामध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथा श्रुतिनिदर्शिनः। रस एवाधिभूतं तु आपस्तत्राधिदैवतम्॥

The tongue is Spiritual; taste is its Elemental; and Water is its Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.8

घ्राणमध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथा श्रुतिनिदर्शिनः। गन्ध एवाधिभूतं तु पृथिवी चाधिदैवतम्॥

The sense of scent is Spiritual; odor is its elemental; and Earth is its Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.9

त्वगध्यात्ममिति प्राहुस्तत्त्वबुद्धिविशारदाः। स्पर्शमेवाधिभूतं तु पवनश्चाधिदैवतम्॥

The skin is Spiritual; touch is its Elemental; and Wind is its Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.10

मनोऽध्यात्ममिति प्राहुर्यथा शास्त्रविशारदाः। मन्तव्यमधिभूतं तु चन्द्रमाश्चाधिदैवतम्॥

Mind has been called Spiritual that with which the Mind is employed is Elemental; and the moon is its Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.11

अहंकारिकमध्यात्ममाहुस्तत्त्वनिदर्शिनः। अभिमानोऽधिभूतं तु रुद्रश्चात्राधिदैवतम्॥

Ahankara is Spiritual; that which is to be vanity is its Elemental; and Rudra is its Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.12

बुद्धिरध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथावदभिदर्शिनः। बोद्धव्यमधिभूतं तु क्षेत्रज्ञश्चाधिदैवतम्॥

Buddhi is Spiritual; that which is to be understood is its Elemental; and Soul is its Accidental.

Shanti Parva 313.13

एषा ते व्यक्तितो राजन् विभूतिरनुदर्शिता। आदौ मध्ये तथान्ते च यथातत्त्वेन तत्त्ववित्॥

I have thus truly expounded to you, O king, with its details taken individually. The power of the supreme in the beginning, the middle, and the end, O you, who are fully conversant with the nature of the original principles.

Shanti Parva 313.14

प्रकृतिर्गुणान् विकुरुते स्वच्छन्देनात्मकाम्यया। क्रीडार्थे तु महाराज शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः॥

Nature, cheerfully and of her own accord, as if for sport, O king produces, by undergoing changes herself, thousands and thousands of combinations of her original qualities.

Shanti Parva 313.15

यथा दीपसहस्राणि दीपान्माः प्रकुर्वते। प्रकृतिस्तथा विकुरुते पुरुषस्य गुणान् बहून्॥

As men can light thousands of lamps from but a single lamp, similarly Nature, by change, multiplies into thousands of existent objects the (three) qualities of Purusha.

Shanti Parva 313.16

सत्त्वमानन्द उद्रेकः प्रीतिः प्राकाश्यमेव च। सुखं शुद्धित्वमारोग्यं संतोषः श्रद्दधानता॥ अकार्पण्यमसंरम्भः क्षमा धृतिरहिंसता। समता सत्यमानृण्यं मार्दवं ह्रीरचापलम्॥ शौचमार्जवमाचारमलौल्यं हृद्यसम्भ्रमः। इष्टानिष्टवियोगानां कृतानामविकत्थना॥ दानेन चात्मग्रहणमस्पृहत्वं परार्थता। सर्वभूतदया चैव सत्त्वस्यैते गुणाः स्मृताः॥

Patience, joy, prosperity, satisfaction, brightness of all faculties, happiness, purity, health, contentment, faith, liberality, mercy, forgiveness, firinness, benevolence, equanimity, truth, satisfaction of obligations, mildness, modesty, calmness, external purity, simplicity, observance of obligatory rites, dispassionateness, fearlessness of heart, disregard for good and evil as also for pristine deeds,-appropriation of objects only when acquired by gift, the absence of cupidity, regard for the interests of others, mercy for all crcatures, these have been said to be the characteristics of the quality of Goodness.

Shanti Parva 313.17

रजोगुणानां संघातो रूपमैश्चर्यविग्रहो। अत्यागित्वमकारुण्यं सुखदुःखोपसेवनम्॥ परापवादेषु रतिर्विवादानां च सेवनम्। अहंकारमसत्कारश्चिन्ता वैरोपसेवनम्॥ परितापोऽभिहरणं ह्रीनाशोऽनार्जवं तथा। भेदः परुषता चैव कामः क्रोधो मदस्तथा॥ दर्पो द्वेषोऽतिवादश्च ऐते प्रोक्ता रजोगुणाः। तामसानां तु संघातं प्रवक्ष्याम्युपधार्यताम्॥

The characteristics of the quality of Darkness are pride of personal beauty, assertion of supremacy, war, disinclination to give, absence of mercy, enjoyment and enduring of happiness and misery, pleasure in speaking ill of others, habit of quarrelling, pride, discourtesy, anxiety, hostilities, sorrow, appropriation of others' properties, shamelessness, crookedness, disunion, roughness, lust, anger, pride, assertion of superiority, malice and calumny. These originate from the quality of Darkness. I shall now tell you of qualities which originate Ignorance.

Shanti Parva 313.18

मोहोऽप्रकाशस्तामिसमन्धतामिस्रसंज्ञितम्। मरणं चान्धतामिस्र तामिदं क्रोध उच्यते॥

They are stupefaction of judgement, obscuration of every faculty, darkness, blind darkness. Darkness means death, and blind darkness means anger.

Shanti Parva 313.19

तमसो लक्षणानीह भक्षणाद्यभिरोचनम्। भोजनानामपर्याप्तिस्तथा पेयेष्वतृप्तता॥ गन्धवासो विहारेषु शयनेष्वासनेषु च। दिवास्वप्नेऽतिवादे च प्रामदेषु च वै रतिः॥ नृत्यवादित्रगीतानामज्ञानाच्छ्रद्दधानता। द्वेषो धर्मविशेषाणामेते वै तामसा गुणाः॥

Besides these, the other marks of Ignorance are greediness for food, ceaseless appetite for both food and drink, taking pleasure in scents and dresses and sports and beds and seats and sleep during the day and calumny and all sorts of acts proceeding from carelessness, taking pleasure, in dancing and instrumental and vocal music, and aversion for every sort of religion. These, indeed, are the characteristics of Ignorance.

Shanti Parva 313.20